Functions

Math
Function
What it does
Example
abs
The absolute value of a number.
The absolute value of a number.
avg
The arithmetic mean (average) of the inputs. Can also be used as avgif.
avg(1, 2, 3) = 2
avg(if Var[all] % 2 = 0 then Var[all] else none = avg of all even values
first_nonzero_value
The first value that is not zero or empty.
first_nonzero_value(0,none,4,6) = 4
is_empty
Evaluates to 1 if variable has no expression, and otherwise to 0.
is_empty(Var[current])
log
Natural logarithm (base e).
log(e^2) = 2
log10
Common logarithm (base 10).
log10(100) = 2
max
The highest of the given values.
max(1, 2, 3) = 3; max([1, 2, 3]) = 3
min
The lowest of the given values.
min(1, 2, 3) = 1; min([1, 2, 3]) = 1
mod
The remainder of a division.
You can also use mod as "%"
mod(5, 2) = 1
5 % 2 = 1
reccurence every 4 months: if timeStep % 4 = 0 then 1 else 0
reverse
Reverses the order of an array.
reverse([1, 2]) = [2, 1]
round
Rounds the number to the closest integer. Optionally, you can specify the decimal places as the second argument.
round(2.3) = 2, round(2.5) = 3, round(2.26, 1) = 2.3
rounddown
Rounds the number down, toward 0. Optionally, you can specify the decimal places as the second argument.
rounddown(2.8) = 2, rounddown(-2.8) = -2, rounddown(2.88, 1) = 2.8
roundup
Rounds the number up, away from 0. Optionally, you can specify the decimal places as the second argument.
roundup(2.2) = 3, roundup(-2.2) = -3, roundup(2.22, 1) = 2.3
signchange
Timestep on which the first sign change occurs.
signchange(Var[all])
spread
Spreads a value over a time period. Click here for more information.

spread(New Customers[0:t], Payments[0:t])
sqrt
Square root of a value.
sqrt(4) = 2
sum
The sum of the inputs. Can also be used as sumif or countif.
sum(1, 2, 3) = 6. sum(if Var[all] % 2 = 0 then Var[all] else 0) = sum of all even values
sumproduct
Multiplies two or more arrays together and returns the sum of products.
sumproduct(Var1[all], Var2[all])
exp
Exponential function
exp(2) = e^2
Time
See Time & Working with Time​
Function
What it does
Example
date
The time step number of a date. Time steps start with 0.
date(2021,12,24) = 11 in a monthly model that starts in Jan 2021
month_from_date
Extracts the month of a date or time step.
month_from_date( date(2021,12,24) ) = 12
year_from_date
Extracts the year of a date or time step.
year_from_date( date(2021,12,24) ) = 2021
Financial
Working Examples of Financial Functions here​
cumipmt
Cumulative interest paid
cumipmt(rate, periods, value, start, end, type)
finance.AM
Amortization
finance.AM(principal, rate, period, yearOrMonth, payAtBeginning)
finance.CAGR
Compound Annual Growth Rate
finance.CAGR(beginning value, ending value, number of periods)
finance.CI
Compound Interest
finance.CI(rate, compoundings per period, principal, number of periods)
finance.DF
Discount Factor (returns an array; must index array to obtain values -- to see all values of array, see working example above)
finance.DF(rate, number of periods)[index]
finance.FV
Future Value
finance.FV(rate, nper, pmt, pv, type)
finance.IAR
Inflation-adjusted Return
finance.IAR(investment return, inflation rate)
finance.irr
Internal rate of return.
finance.IRR(Cashflows[all], [guess])
finance.LR
Leverage Ratio
finance.LR(total liabilities, total debts, total income)
finance.NPV
Net Present Value
finance.NPV(rate, initial investment, cash flows[all])
finance.PI
Profitability Index
finance.PI(rate, initial investment, cash flows[all])
finance.PMT
Payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate
finance.PMT(fractional interest rate, number of payments, principal)
finance.PP
Payback Period
finance.PP(number of periods, cash flows[all])
finance.PV
Present Value
finance.PV(rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type])
finance.R72
Rule of 72
finance.R72(rate)
finance.roi
Return on investment
finance.ROI(Cashflows[all])
finance.WACC
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
finance.WACC(market value of equity, market value of debt, cost of equity, cost of debt, tax rate)
finance.xirr
Internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows.
finance.xirr([-10,11], [0,12], 12) = 10%
fv
Future Value
fv(rate, nper, pmt, pv, [type])
fvifa
Future Value Interest Factor of an Annuity.
fvifa(rate, nper)
ipmt
Interest portion of a given loan payment.
ipmt(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type])
pmt
Periodic payment for a loan.
pmt(rate, nper, pv, [fv], [type])
ppmt
Principal portion of a given loan payment.
ppmt(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type])
pv
Present Value
pv(rate, nper, pmt, fv, [type])
pvif
Present Value Interest Factor
pvif(rate, nper)
rate
Interest rate per period of an annuity.
rate(nper, pmt, pv, [fv], [type], [guess])
Probability
beta
Beta distribution
beta(alpha, beta)
binominal
Binomial distribution
binomial(n, p)
cauchy
Cauchy distribution
cauchy(local, scale)
chisq
Chi-squared distribution
chisq(k)
exponential
Exponential distribution
exponential(rate)
gamma
Gamma distribution
gamma(shape, scale)
invgamma
Inverse-gamma distribution
invgamma(shape, scale)
lognormal
Log-normal distribution
lognormal(μ, σ^2)
lognormal_from
Log-normal distribution
lognormal_from_interval(from, to, confidence_percent)
normal
Normal distribution
normal(mean, variance)
normal_from
Normal distribution
normal_from_interval(from, to, confidence_percent)
pareto
Pareto distribution
pareto(min, alpha)
poisson
Poisson distribution
poisson(λ)
stdev
The standard deviation of an array
stdev(Var[all])
triangle
Triangle distribution
triangle(from, to, confidence_percent)
uniform
Uniform distribution
uniform(from, to)
variance
The variance of an array
variance(Var[all])
Other
Function
What it does
Example
error
Error to assert an invalid state.
error()
flat_cohort_forecast
Forecasts cohort data without the cohort category.
flat_cohort_forecast(oldCohorts[all], newCohorts[all], retentionRates[all], lastDataDate, t, [additionalChurn])
gaussian_ramp
Ramping up a value over a time period in the shape of a gaussian bell curve.
gaussian_ramp(timestep,
date(2022,10), 2, 100)
is_data
Evaluates to 1 if argument is derived from a datasource, and otherwise to 0.
is_data(Variable[all])
is_locked
Evaluates to 1 if argument is a Locked Category Item, and otherwise to 0.
is_locked(categoryitem)
last_data_timestep
Returns the last timestep that is derived from a datasource.
last_data_timestep(Var[all])
logistic_ramp
Ramping up a value over a time period in an S-shape (logistic function).
logistic_ramp(timestep, date(2022,1), date(2022,10), 1.8, 100, 200)
quadratic_ramp
Ramping up a value quadratically over a time period.
quadratic_ramp(timestep,
date(2022,1), date(2022,10) [startValue], [endValue])
ramp
Ramping up a value linearly over a time period.
ramp(timestep, date(2022,1), date(2022,10), 100, 200)
ramp_normalized
A ramp with the cumulative sum of 1. Useful for distributing a fixed value over a time period.
ramp_normalized(timestep, date(2022,1), date(2022,10)

Category modifiers

Examples

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