None values
Cells without a formula, or formulas that lead to calculations such as a division by zero, evaluate to the
none
value. This is a special value in Causal, and can also be derived by using the none
helper variable, or by adjusting the Empty Value setting of a variable to none
.None
is special in that any mathematical operation it is part of also evaluates to none
- for example, 1 + none
= none
.The exception to this is in aggregations: when aggregating a category's items,none
values are simply excluded from the computation. This is because it is useful to see aggregated values even if some underlying cells containnone
values, as is typical in use-cases such as headcount modelling.For example, if you're wanting to see the average bonus across your employees, but exclude from the average those employees who do not receive a bonus (and therefore arenone
), you would do the following to the Bonus by Employee variable:
Set empty value setting tonone
🚨 Note that if you try to use that aggregated variable in another formula - it will be treated asnone
- see Troubleshooting for more.
Last modified 10mo ago